Measurement of Lung Function and Bronchial Inflammation in Children Is Underused by Spanish Allergists

J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2016; Vol. 26(2): 126-128doi: 10.18176/jiaci.0028 Sánchez-García S1, Olaguibel JM2, Quirce S3, Ibáñez MD1 on behalf of the Pediatric Allergy Committee, Spanish Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

1Allergy Section, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain 2Allergy Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain 3Allergy Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain

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Prevention of food allergy

April 2016Volume 137, Issue 4, Pages 998–1010

George du Toit, MD

,

 Teresa Tsakok, MRCP

,

 Simon Lack, BA

,

 Gideon Lack, MD

Open Access

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.02.005

                           

 

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Abstract

The past few decades have witnessed an increase in the prevalence of IgE-mediated food allergy (FA). For prevention strategies to be effective, we need to understand the causative factors underpinning this rise. Genetic factors are clearly important in the development of FA, but given the dramatic increase in prevalence over a short period of human evolution, it is unlikely that FA arises through germline genetic changes alone. A plausible hypothesis is that 1 or more environmental exposures, or lack thereof, induce epigenetic changes that result in interruption of the default immunologic state of tolerance.

Antibiotic-Induced Changes in the Intestinal Microbiota and Disease

Publication stage: In Press Corrected Proof

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2016.04.003

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The gut microbiota is a key player in many physiological and pathological processes occurring in humans. Recent investigations suggest that the efficacy of some clinical approaches depends on the action of commensal bacteria. Antibiotics are invaluable weapons to fight infectious diseases. However, by altering the composition and functions of the microbiota, they can also produce long-lasting deleterious effects for the host. The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens raises concerns about the common, and at times inappropriate, use of antimicrobial agents.

Marginal zone B cells exacerbate endotoxic shock via interleukin-6 secretion induced by Fcα/μR-coupled TLR4 signalling

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | ARTICLE OPEN

Shin-ichiro Honda,

Kazuki Sato,

Naoya Totsuka,

Satoshi Fujiyama,

Manabu Fujimoto,

Kensuke Miyake,

Chigusa Nakahashi-Oda,

Satoko Tahara-Hanaoka,

Kazuko Shibuya

& Akira Shibuya

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Nature Communications

 

7,

 

Article number:

 

11498

 

doi:10.1038/ncomms11498

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Abstract

• Abstract• 
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Marginal zone (MZ) B cells produce a first wave of antibodies for protection from blood-borne pathogens. However, the role of MZ B cells in inflammatory responses has not been elucidated. Here we show that MZ B cells produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), and exacerbate systemic inflammatory responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Drug safety: withdrawn medications are only part of the picture

OPEN ACCESS

BMC Medicine201614:28

DOI: 10.1186/s12916-016-0579-5

Abstract

In a research article published in BMC Medicine, Onakpoya and colleagues provide a historical review of withdrawals of medications for safety reasons. However, withdrawn medications are only one part of the picture about how regulatory agencies manage drug risks. Moreover, medications introduced before the increased pre-marketing regulations and post-marketing monitoring systems instituted after the thalidomide tragedy have little relevance when considering the present drug safety picture because the circumstances under which they were introduced were completely different.

Effect of Levothyroxine Treatment on Clinical Symptoms in Hypothyroid Patients with Chronic Urticaria and Thyroid Autoimmunity

	Original Article  Open Access
	Ann Dermatol. 2016 Apr;28(2):199-204. English. Do Hun Kim, Nam Hee Sung and Ai Young Lee Go to: Abstract Background Thyroid autoimmunity has been increasingly reported to be associated with chronic urticaria (CU), and the possible clinical benefit of thyroid hormone or anti-thyroid drugs in some CU patients with autoimmune thyroid disease has been studied. However, the effect of thyroid hormone or anti-thyroid drugs on clinical symptoms of CU remains unclear.

Increased risk of allergic rhinitis among children delivered by cesarean section: a cross-sectional study nested in a birth cohort

RESEARCH ARTICLE

 

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• Heli Vieira BrandãoEmail author,
• Graciete Oliveira Vieira,
• Tatiana de Oliveira Vieira,
• Paulo Augusto Camargos,
• Carlos Antonio de Souza Teles,
• Armênio Costa Guimarães,
• Alvaro Augusto Cruz and
• Constança Margarida Sampaio Cruz

BMC PediatricsBMC series – open, inclusive and trusted201616:57

DOI: 10.1186/s12887-016-0594-x

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Abstract

Background

Few studies have evaluated the association between delivery by cesarean section (CS) and asthma, allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinitis and whether this association is different in children with and without a family history of asthma. This study aims to investigate whether children born by CS have a higher chance to develop asthma, allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinitis and to evaluate the influence of parental history of asthma on these associations.

Diagnostic accuracy of skin-prick testing for allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

REVIEW

 

OPEN ACCESS

• Immaculate F. NevisEmail author,
• Karen Binkley and
• Conrad Kabali

Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology201612:20

DOI: 10.1186/s13223-016-0126-0

Abstract

Background

Allergic rhinitis is the most common form of allergy worldwide. The accuracy of skin testing for allergic rhinitis is still debated. Our primary objective was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of skin-prick testing for allergic rhinitis using the nasal provocation as the reference standard. We also evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of intradermal testing as a secondary objective.