Dr. Lanny Rosenwasser discusses the pathogenesis of asthma

Dr. Lanny Rosenwasser discusses the pathogenesis of asthma

ACAAICOLA

Mechanism of Sleep Disturbance in Children with Atopic Dermatitis and the Role of the Circadian Rhythm and Melatonin

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17(4), 462; doi:10.3390/ijms17040462

Review

Yung-Sen Chang 1,2,3

 and Bor-Luen Chiang 2,4,* 

1 Department of Pediatrics, Taipei City Hospital Renai Branch, Taipei 106, Taiwan2 Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan3 School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan4 Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan

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Abstract

Sleep disturbance is common in children with atopic dermatitis (AD). It is a major factor leading to impaired quality of life in these patients and could have negative effects on neurocognitive function and behavior. However, the pathophysiology of sleep disturbance in children with AD is poorly understood, and there is no consensus on how to manage sleep problems in these patients. Pruritus and scratching could lead to sleep disruption but is unlikely the sole etiology. The circadian rhythm of cytokines, the immune system, and skin physiology such as transcutaneous water loss and skin blood flow might also play a role. Recent studies have suggested that melatonin could also be involved due to its multiple effects on sleep, immunomodulation, and anti-oxidant ability. Environmental factors should also be considered. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the pathophysiology of sleep disturbance in children with AD, and discuss possible therapeutic implications.

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Allergen Extracts and Standardization - ACAAI COLA Presentation

Dr. Greg Plunkett describes how allergen extracts are produced and standardized.

ACAAICOLA

Changes in symptoms of asthma and rhinitis by sensitization status over ten years in a cohort of young Chilean adults

• Vanessa Garcia-LarsenEmail author,
• James F. Potts,
• Stefano Del Giacco,
• Patricia Bustos,
• Patricia V. Diaz,
• Hugo Amigo,
• Manuel Oyarzun and
• Roberto J. Rona

BMC Pulmonary MedicineBMC series – open, inclusive and trusted201616:116

DOI: 10.1186/s12890-016-0273-6

©  The Author(s). 2016

Open Peer Review reports

Abstract

Background

We investigated the net changes in prevalence of symptoms of asthma and rhinitis over 10 years in a cohort of young by baseline sensitization status.

Methods

One thousand one hundred ninety three Chilean adults subjects aged 22–28 living in a semi-rural area of central Chile answered a lifestyle and the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) questionnaires. Bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR) and skin prick test (SPT) to eight allergens were measured at baseline in 2001.

Cell-derived microparticles and the lung

Dario Nieri, Tommaso Neri, Silvia Petrini, Barbara Vagaggini, Pierluigi Paggiaro, Alessandro Celi

European Respiratory Review 2016 25: 266-277; DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0009-2016

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Abstract

Cell-derived microparticles are small (0.1–1 μm) vesicles shed by most eukaryotic cells upon activation or during apoptosis. Microparticles carry on their surface, and enclose within their cytoplasm, molecules derived from the parental cell, including proteins, DNA, RNA, microRNA and phospholipids. Microparticles are now considered functional units that represent a disseminated storage pool of bioactive effectors and participate both in the maintenance of homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of diseases.

Omalizumab's Impact on Total and Allergen-Specific IgE Levels: A Polyclonal Story

Free Access

Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2016;169:69-70
(DOI:10.1159/000444998)

Eckl-Dorna J.  Department of Otorhinolaryngology, General Hospital Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria  Corresponding Author

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Increased expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 drives IL-9–mediated allergic asthma

Sonja Koch, PhD ∗

, 

Anna Graser, PhD ∗

, 

Hooman Mirzakhani, MD, PhD, MMSc ∗

, 

Theodor Zimmermann, MD

, 

Volker O. Melichar, MD

, 

Marco Wölfel, MD

, 

Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, PhD

, 

Benjamin A. Raby, MD, MPH

, 

Scott T. Weiss, MD, MS ‡

, 

Susetta Finotto, PhD ‡,Press enter key to Email the author

∗These authors share first authorship.

‡These authors share senior authorship.

Open Access

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2015.11.047

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Article Outline

1. Methods
   1. Participants (PreDicta study)
   2. Isolation and culture of human PBMCs (PreDicta study)
   3. RNA isolation from whole blood (PreDicta study)
   4. Isolation of human CD4+ T cells (Asthma BRIGDE study)
   5. NFATc1 and IRF4 microarray analysis of human peripheral blood CD4+ T cells or whole blood cells (Asthma BRIDGE study)
   6. Adult asthmatic patients with positive skin test results (Asthma BIRDGE study)
   7. Mice
   8. Allergen sensitization and challenge
   9. Isolation of murine lung CD4+ T cells
   10. Isolation and differentiation of murine bone marrow–derived mast cells
   11. Histamine release by murine bone marrow–derived mast cells
   12. Flow cytometric analysis
   13. ELISA
   14. RNA isolation and quantitative real time-PCR
   15. Statistical analysis
2. Results and Discussion
3. References

Respiratory Medication Adherence: Toward a Common Language and a Shared Vision

September–October, 2016Volume 4, Issue 5, Pages 799–801

Eric Van Ganse, MD, PhD, FRCPPress enter key for correspondence informationPress enter key to Email the author

, 

David Price, FRCGP

Open Access

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2016.04.006

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• Abstract
Full TextReferencesThe World Health Organization highlights the importance of optimizing chronic respiratory disease (CRD) medication adherence with a view to improving clinical outcomes and alleviating ever-increasing pressures on the world's health care resources.1, 2 The Global Initiative for Asthma also advocates for optimized adherence, recommending that asthma symptoms and risk be optimized on the lowest dose of therapy appropriate and that high-cost add-on therapies only be considered in patients with severe disease who have persistent symptoms and/or exacerbations despite optimized treatment with high-dose controller medications and treatment of modifiable risk factors.2